Chris Gerdes (Stanford) on Technology, Policy and Vehicle Safety - MIT Self-Driving Cars

Chris Gerdes gives an MIT lecture bridging the engineering and policy sides of self-driving cars. He describes Stanford's autonomous race cars Shelley and the DeLorean Marty, which push tires to their physical limits to learn safety-critical maneuvers. He then explains the US system of manufacturer self-certification, the slow rulemaking process, and the 2016 federal automated vehicle policy with its 15-point voluntary safety assessment. He reframes vehicle ethics away from trolley-problem morality toward engineering risk reduction, and argues for anonymized data sharing modeled on aviation's ASIAS system. A long Q&A covers liability, passive-safety rollback, global coordination, and open-source cars.

• Stanford's autonomous Audi 'Shelley' can lap Thunderhill at up to 120 mph and now exceeds every human on the development team.
  00:03:11
• Shelley is within about one second of IndyCar driver Junior Hildebrandt's pace on a 1:25 lap.
  00:04:12
• A Volpe report found almost nothing in current federal motor vehicle safety standards prevents putting an automated vehicle on the road.
  00:11:54
• NHTSA interpreted that references to 'driver' in the safety standards can refer to the self-driving AI system.
  00:12:25
• The September 2016 federal automated vehicle policy uses voluntary guidance and a 15-point safety assessment rather than binding standards.
  00:15:33
• Gerdes argues the trolley-car dilemma is not an impossible problem; engineers should solve it through risk reduction, not moral ranking.
  00:22:44
• Human error is the primary factor in 94 percent of accidents, so merely imitating humans leaves safety potential on the table.
  00:29:57

• Gerdes recorded the lecture during his first week back in a civilian role after wrapping up at USDOT.
  00:01:36
• Racing maxim cited: 'if you want to finish first you have to finish', be fast but accident-free.
  00:05:46
• Shelley drove up Pikes Peak and on the Bonneville Salt Flats and appeared in an Audi commercial with Zachary Quinto and Leonard Nimoy.
  00:05:46
• Aviation requires pre-market certification before aircraft can be sold, but US cars rely on manufacturer self-certification.
  00:08:21
• Making a new federal vehicle safety standard takes a minimum of two years and realistically about seven.
  00:10:23
• The DeLorean 'Marty' was electrified with a Renova Motors drivetrain and programmed to perform precise autonomous drifts and donuts.
  00:30:28
• Aviation's ASIAS data-sharing system grew from 4 to 40 airlines using anonymized safety data through MITRE.
  00:36:09
• Gerdes joined USDOT after an unexpected call from the White House; the policy went from a one-page outline in February to launch in September.
  00:51:19